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Urethroplasty is a surgical procedure performed to treat urethral strictures, which are narrowings of the urethra that can obstruct the flow of urine. These strictures can be caused by trauma, infection, inflammation, or previous medical procedures. Urethroplasty involves surgical reconstruction or repair of the urethra to widen the narrowed segment and restore normal urine flow.

The procedure begins with a detailed evaluation of the stricture using imaging techniques such as urethrography or urethroscopy to determine its location, length, and severity. During urethroplasty, the surgeon may use various techniques depending on the characteristics of the stricture, including excision and primary anastomosis (joining the healthy ends of the urethra together), substitution with tissue grafts (often taken from the mouth or the inner lining of the cheek), or other advanced reconstructive methods.

Urethroplasty is considered the gold standard treatment for complex or recurrent urethral strictures, offering a high success rate and long-term relief of symptoms. Recovery time and outcomes vary depending on the individual case, but the goal of urethroplasty is to improve urinary function, alleviate symptoms such as difficulty urinating, and minimize the risk of future recurrence of the stricture.