Partial nephrectomy, also known as nephron-sparing surgery or kidney-sparing surgery, is a procedure performed to remove only the cancerous or diseased part of the kidney while preserving the remaining healthy kidney tissue. This surgical approach is typically chosen for small renal tumors (usually less than 4 cm in diameter) or tumors located in a critical part of the kidney where preservation of kidney function is important.
During a partial nephrectomy, the surgeon carefully removes the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue around it, ensuring that no cancerous cells are left behind. This is often done using minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy or robotic-assisted surgery, which involve smaller incisions, reduced recovery times, and potentially less post-operative pain compared to traditional open surgery.